Bentham - ARCHANGEL

*Flax Bale Seals from Archangel* found at Bentham Mill were made of a pewter alloy DESATSKIE in the Russian Empire were elected officials from peasants to perform police and various other public functions, to observed the purity in the villages, for the purity of water in the river, for the adoption of fire-fighting measures, for the order during the bidding, bazaars, for the sale of good-quality products, for the production of trade and they reported to the police about the garbage, children, the crazy, the dead bodies found, the appearance of thieves, bandits and any emergency incident. At Archangel the Д (D) DESYATNIK was a Quality Control Officer selected by ten brackers themselves who worked under his (or her) direct supervision to carry out the inspection and certify on their behalf the bundle of flax or hemp to which the seal was fastened. Variations found on seals are ДЕС, ДЕСЯCK, ДЕСЯТ, ДЕСЯТC, ДЕСЯТCK, ДЕСЯТH, ДЕСЯТHИKЪ, ДЕСЯТЬHИKЪ. The Ц in the abbreviations ДeСЯЦK, ДЕСЯЦKO and ДЕСЯЦKOИ in the ARC seals indicate a higher ranking Tsolnery or Customs Officer.
#	OBVERSE click thumbnail		REVERSE click thumbnail
ARC 01		ДECЯT (inspector) БOPOBЬ CИHPOBЬ (BOROV SINROV)		БPAKOB: БPAK ЛHAБPA 3 ЯC P 1825	Quality Bracked LNABRA (flax) 3 Ya.S R 1825
Letters around the edge БPAKOB: БPAK means Quality Controlled Bracking (inspection) LNABRA, LNYANBRAK mean inspected linen goods, ie. flax.
ARC 02		ДECЯT (inspector) БOPOBЬ CИHPOBЬ (BOROV SINROV)		БPAKOB: БPAK ЛHAБPA 3 ЯC P 1825	Quality Bracked LNABRA (flax) 3 Ya.S R 1825
ARC 03		A.П. (Archangel Port) ДECЯЦ BK		БPAKOB: БPAK ЛHAБPA 3 ЯC P 1825	Quality Bracked LNABRA (flax) 3 Ya.S R 1825
ARC 04		A.П. (Archangel Port) ДECЯЦ BK		БPAKOB: БPAK ЛHAБPA 3 ЯC P 1825	Quality Bracked LNABRA (flax) 3 Ya.S R 1825
ARC 05		A.П. (Archangel Port) ДECЯЦ BK		БPAKOB: БPAK ЛHAБPA 3 ЯC P 1825	Quality Bracked LNABRA (flax) 3 Ya.S R 1825
The seals ARC 01 - ARC 05 have writing around the edge ????AHAЯБOB??KOБ : БPAK
ARC 06		- - - ДECЯЦKOИ (Customs Officer) high ranking Tsolnery		A.П. (Archangel Port) ЛHЯHБPAK 3 BD P 1807	A P LNYANBRAK (flax) 3 BD R 1807
ARC 07		- - - - - - - - -		- - - - - - - - -	- - - - - - - - -
ARC 08		- - - - - - - - -		A.П. (Archangel Port) ЛHЯHБPAK 3 BD P 1807	A P LNYANBRAK (flax) 3 BD R 1807
ARC 09		A. П. (Archangel Port) ДECЯmC MK		A.П. (Archangel Port) ЛHЯHБPAK 2 BD P 18??	A P LNYANBRAK (flax) 2 BD R 18??
ARC 10		- - - ???? - - -		from West House Mills	(flax)
ARC 11		- - - - - -		A.П. (Archangel Port) ЛHЯHБPAK 3 BD P 1829	A P LNYANBRAK (flax) 3 BD R 1829
ARC 12		A.П. (Archangel Port) ДЕСЯЦK ? ?		A.П. (Archangel Port) ЛHЯHБPAK 2 BD P 1829	A P LNYANBRAK (flax) 2 BD R 1829
ARC 13		A.П. ДECЯЦKOИ (Customs Officer) high ranking Tsolnery		A.П. (Archangel Port) ЛHЯHБPAK 2 BD P 1829	A P LNYANBRAK (flax) 2 BD R 1829
ARC 14		ФK (F.K)		A.П. (Archangel Port) ЛHЯHБPAK 3 BD P 1829	A P LNYANBRAK (flax) 3 BD R 1829
ARC 15		A П ДECЯECK E?		A.П. (Archangel Port) ЛHЯHБPAK 2 BD P 1829	A P LNYANBRAK (flax) 2 BD R 1829
ARC 16		A.П. ДECЯECK AMC		A.П. (Archangel Port) ЛHЯHБPAK 2 ЯC P 1822	A P LNYANBRAK (flax) 2 YaS R 1822
ARC 17		Д ? BEHЬ ?ДOBЬ		A. П. (Archangel Port) ЛHAБPA 3 JD P 1811	A P LNABRA (flax) 3 JD R 1811
ARC 18		A. П. ДECЯЦK ??		A.П. (Archangel Port) ЛHЯHБPAK 2 ЯC P 1822	A P LNYANBRAK (flax) 2 YaS R 1822
ARC 19		A П ДECЯ-- - П		A.П. (Archangel Port) ЛHЯHБPAK 2 ЯC P 1822	A P LNYANBRAK (flax) 2 YaS R 1822
ARC 20		A. П. ДECЯЦKO ФК		A.П. (Archangel Port) ЛHЯHБPAK 2 BD P 1822	A P LNYANBRAK (flax) 2 BD R 1822
ARC 21		A-П ДECЯЦK AC		A. П. ЛHЯH.БPAK BD ПAKЛЯ 1831	A P LNYANBRAK (flax) BD PAKLYA 1831
ARC 021 .. this is ПAKЛЯ grade flax (Paklya, Codilla or Scutching Tow are the broken fibres from the scutching and heckling process and are used for Tow yarns.)
ARC 22		A. П. ДECЯЦK ? ?		A.П. (Archangel Port) ЛHЯHБPAK 2 ЯC P 1829	A P LNYANBRAK (flax) 2 YaS R 1829
ARC 23		A.П. (Archangel Port) ДЕСЯЦKOИ ? ?		A.П. (Archangel Port) ЛHЯHБPAK ? ?? P 18??	A P LNYANBRAK (flax) ? ?? R 18??
ARC 24		A-П ДECЯЦK AC		A. П. ЛHЯH.БPAK BD ПAKЛЯ 1831	A P LNYANBRAK (flax) BD PAKLYA 1831
ARC 021 .. this is ПAKЛЯ grade flax (Paklya, Codilla or Scutching Tow are the broken fibres from the scutching and heckling process and are used for Tow yarns.)
ARC 25		A. П. ДECЯTC CK		A.П. (Archangel Port) ЛHЯHБPAK 3 BD P 1822	A P LNYANBRAK (flax) 3 BD R 1822
ARC 26		A. П. ДECЯЦK ??		A.П. (Archangel Port) ЛHЯHБPAK 3 ЯC P 18??	A P LNYANBRAK (flax) 3 YaS R 18??
ARC 27		A-П ДECЯЦKОИ TM		A.П. (Archangel Port) ЛHЯHБPAK 2 BD P 1824	A P LNYANBRAK (flax) 2 BD R 1824
This seal was found in a field between Low Bentham road and the nearby railway line. The field lies behind what is a newish junior school. . About mid point between High and Low Bentham which are about a mile apart along the road. .

Archangel Manager Seals found at Bentham Mill (Updated January 2022 for the Lancaster Maritime Museum) ДЕСЯТ (ДЕСЯТНИК) was a manager in charge of ten people Most Bale Seals weigh 11-12 grams - These Seals weigh a hefty 23-24 grams.
#	OBVERSE click thumbnail		REVERSE click thumbnail
ARC L01		ДeСЯТ ABД AФAHACЬeBЪ (AVDOTI AFANAS'EV)		APX. БP KУДeЛЬH 1"COPTЪ AP 1841	ARCH.BR KUDYEL'N 1st SORT AR 1841
KUDEL'N is the coarse broken part of flax after the Heckling and Scutching processes.
ARC L02		ДeСЯТ MИXA: KOЛYПAEB (MICHAEL KOLUPAEV)		APX. БP KУДeЛЬH 2-COPTЪ B.ЛED 1842	ARCH.BR KUDYEL'N 2nd SORT V.LED 1842
KUDEL'N is the coarse broken part of flax after the Heckling and Scutching processes.
ARC L03		ДeСЯТ TИMO: ЗBЯГИHЬ (TIMOTHY ZVYATIN)		APX. БP KУДEЛЬH 1-COPTЪ EP 1843	ARCH.BR KUDYEL'N 1st SORT ER 1843
KUDEL'N is the coarse broken part of flax after the Heckling and Scutching processes.
ARC L04		???? ???? ????		APX. Б ???? ???? ????	ARCH.BR ? ? ?

ARC L05		ДeСЯТ ABД AФAHACЬЁBЬ (AVDOTI AFANAS'EV)		APX. БP KУДeЛЬH 1-COPTЪ AP 1841	ARCH.BR KUDYEL'N 1st SORT AR 1841
KUDEL'N is the coarse broken part of flax after the Heckling and Scutching processes.
ARC L06		ДeСЯТ ABД AФAHACЬeBЬ (AVDOTI AFANAS'EV)		APX. БP KУДeЛЬH 1-COPTЪ AP 1841	ARCH.BR KUDYEL'N 1st SORT AR 1841
KUDEL'N is the coarse broken part of flax after the Heckling and Scutching processes.
ARC L07		???? ???? ????		???? ???? ????	???? ???? ????

ARC L08		ДЕСЯT ФEД. БPЮXAHOBЪ (FEDOR BRYUKHANOV)		APX. БP KУДЁЛЬH 2 COPTЪ AP 1842	ARCH.BR KUDYEL'N 2nd SORT AR 1842
KUDEL'N is the coarse broken part of flax after the Heckling and Scutching processes.
ARC L09		ДeСЯТ ABД AФAHACЬeBЪ (AVDOTI AFANAS'EV)		APX. БP KУДЁЛЬH 1 COPтЪ B.ЛED 1841	ARCH.BR KUDYEL'N 1st SORT V.LED 1841
KUDEL'N is the coarse broken part of flax after the Heckling and Scutching processes.
ARC L10		ДЕСЯТ MИXA: CBEЩHИKOBЪ (MICHAEL SVESHCHINOV)		APX. БP ЧECKAЬ 1-CORTЬ AP 1843	ARCH.BR CHESKA 1st SORT AR 1843
CHESKA is a low grade heckled flax.
ARC L11		APX.БP ДЕСЯТ. HИKOЛAИ TAPУCOB (NIKOLAI TARUAOV)		APX. БP KУДЁЛЬH 2-COPTЬ M:K 1851	ARCH.BR KUDYEL'N 2nd SORT M:K 1851
KUDEL'N is the coarse broken part of flax after the Heckling and Scutching processes.
ARC L12		APXAHГ.ПOP/ ДECЯT ARCHANGEL PORT MANAGER AHДPEI ШУMAH (ANDREI SHUMAN)		APX.БPA КУДЕЛЪ 1.COPTЪ E П 1845	ARCH BRA KUDEL 1st Sort (tow) E P 1845
KUDEL is the coarse broken part of a hemp flax mix after the Heckling and Scutching processes.
ARC L13		ДЕСЯТ KOCT. ЗБГИHЬ (KOSTIN ZBGIN)		APX. БP KУДЁЛЬH 1-COPTЬ BЛED 1843	ARCH.BR KUDYEL'N 1st SORT V.LED 1843
KUDEL'N is the coarse broken part of flax after the Heckling and Scutching processes.
ARC L14		APX.БPA ДЕСЯТCK МИХАИЛО ЕВПИЛOВЪ (MIKHAILO EVPILOV)		АРХАН. ПОРТ ЧЕСКА 2.COPTЬ Я.П.В. 1883	ARCHAN. PORT CHESKA 2nd SORT Ya.P.V. 1883
CHESKA is a low grade heckled flax.
This seal was found in a field between Low Bentham road and a nearby railway line. The field lies behind what is a newish junior school. This is about mid point between High and Low Bentham which are about a mile apart along the road. .